For Dentists

Pulpal diagnosis is the most critical step in determining whether a tooth is a candidate for Vital Pulp Therapy (VPT) or requires non-surgical root canal treatment (NSRCT). The primary goal of the diagnostic process is to evaluate the degree of pulpal inflammation and ascertain whether the tissue possesses the capacity to heal. Preoperative Clinical Diagnostic Categories: The American Association of Endodontists (AAE) classify pulpal conditions based on subjective symptoms a

External Cervical Resorption (ECR) is a highly aggressive, insidious, and non-bacterial form of dental tissue loss that begins on the external root surface just below the epithelial attachment. Despite growing clinical awareness, ECR remains a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge in modern endodontics because it typically progresses silently without early symptoms. If left untreated, ECR causes extensive destruction of dentin, eventually threatening the pulp and leading to to